How can a side effect be distinguished from an adverse reaction?

The distinction between a side effect and an adverse reaction lies primarily in their nature and severity. A side effect refers to any unintended effect that occurs in addition to the desired therapeutic effect of a medication. These effects can vary widely in their intensity and character, and they can range from mild to severe. However, side effects are generally not harmful and can often be managed or may even resolve as the body adjusts to the medication.

On the other hand, an adverse reaction is characterized by being harmful or more serious than a typical side effect. Adverse reactions can lead to significant clinical complications and require immediate medical attention. They are not only unexpected but may also pose risks to the patient, distinguishing them from the typically more benign side effects.

Thus, the correct choice correctly identifies that a side effect may be mild and not necessarily harmful, while an adverse reaction is recognized as being harmful and potentially severe. This understanding is essential for medication administration and monitoring the patient's response to treatment.